Process of dyeing hair.



. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- PROCESS OF oY E Nc'H/im.

SPECIFICATION forming art of Letters i atent No. 629,231, dated July is, 1899. 1 Application filed November-.18, 1897.. Serial No. 6553,9932 (fiipecimens) I 11'0 aZZ 207L071? it 11mg concern:

Be it known'that- I, J OHANNES (l. Boor,

citizen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands,- re -1 siding in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Processes of Dyeing Hair,

of which the followingis a specification.

The invention relatesfto improvements in processes of dyeingh'air, whether human hair or hair of furs, insuchj a manner that'a permanent dye isimpa'rted; to the hair-without exerting any injuriouseifect onth'e same or.

irritation ofthe skin,

The nature of my 1 in the process of dyeing human hair or'the hair of furs by treating it with'asolution of a nickel salt, an organic'oxy-acid, and an alan organic oxy-acid, and an alkaline hydrate.

In preparing my improved dyesolution a,

soluble salt or compound of nickel is used, nitrate of nickel being preferred. The nickel salt is dissolved in water, then tartaric acid or any other organic oxy-acid of the formula AAA(OH),,(COOH).. such as malic or citric acid, added to the solution, and then an alkaline hydrate, such as sodium or potassium hydrate. The oxy-acid prevents the precipitation of the nickel salt by the sodium or potassium hydrate. I Y 1 In place of tartaric or other'oXy-acid the soluble salts of these acids may be used, such as sodium tartrate or potassium citrate.

- necessary for preventing the precipitation of To prepare my improved dye solution, the soluble nickel salt is obtained by dissolving nickel in a suitable acid and adding water orother solvent until the salt is dissolved and the solution brought to'the required strength. Tartaric acid or tartrate of sodium or potassium is then added in such quantities as is nickel. Sodium or potassium hydrate is then added to the solution in such a quantity as may be necessary to form an alkaline solution of the nickel salt. The proportion of nickel varies according to the intensity of the color to be produced; but the following proportions have given good results*namely, a

solution of one part of nickel nitrate and two added g for some time and is then decanted or filtered;

'vention consists,- first,

,tion of the nickel contained therein.

' parisoif sodium tartrate in five parts of water or other suitable solvent!, towhich one part of aten-per-cent. solution of sodium hydrate is The mixture is permitted'to stand After the d ye solution is applied to the hair it isfixed by a mordant, such as pyro'gallic acid orhydro-quinon e. The mordant fixes the dye solution on the hair and brings out the color; It consis'ts,'preferably, of a solution of one 'p'art pyrogallic acid in forty parts of .water. Whenapplying the'dye solution, the

hair is first c'arefully'cleaned with a soda solution, after which the dye solution is applied by carefully ,moi's'tening' the hair with the same, and after drying the mordant is applied. In most cases thirty-six hours will be suflicient to carry out the process of dyeing the'haira The excess of dye is then washed from the hair with soap and water. When a darker color is desired, the dyeing operation haste be repeated until finally a bright brown color of lighter or darker shade is obtained. By diluting the dye solution and the mordant liquids are obtained by which various shades of color can be imparted to the hairor for,

according to the strength of the solution used and the number of applications madeto thev hair.

I am aware that solutions of nickel salts have been used before for dyeing hair. I am also aware that the use of a mordant for ing the dye solution on the hair is well known, and I do notlay any claim to these steps broadly; butI am not aware that a dye solutioncomposed of a soluble nickel salt, an organic oxy-acid or a salt of the same, and sodium or potassium hydrate has ever been used heretofore for this purpose. This solution being alkaline and'containing tartaric acid has the advantage of remaining stable for any length of time without precipitating any por As the dye solution is not volatile, it has the further advantage that it will dye the hair uniformly whether the same contains some greasy matter or not, which heretofore prevented the application of the dye, so that the dyeing was accomplished only in part or in so-called specks. The main advantage of my dye solution, however, consists in the permanency of the same and its non-liability to decomposition and deterioration, by which its original strength is retained, so that it can be used at any time. Furthermore, it is not in the least injurious to the hair or scalp.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent The process herein'deseribed of dyeing human or other hair, which consists, first, in IO treating it with a solution of a nickel salt, 

